The following is a list of teaching grades and titles bestowed on individuals within traditional Karate, based on capability and or rank. These titles are granted to deserving individuals within particular disciplines only after a prolonged and severe examination and evaluation. These ranks are highly dignified, and must be earned, rather than lightly granted.
Sempai - This means Senior Grade and is used to address anyone older or of senior rank. While it can be applied among the yudansha (black belts), e.g. a sandan might call a yondan by the title of sempai, it is unlikely, since they already have a title which supersedes it. Again, this form of the title is more appropriately used among the kyu grades. Sometimes givien to the senior kyu grade in the dojo.
Sensei - Literally "One who has gone before": This title is by far the most often used title in karate and generally refers to someone of Yondan level (4th Degree Black Belt) and above. Most will state that this is the most honorable title that a student can use when referring to the senior as their teacher. The title Sensei implies a close bond between the student and teacher's relationship. Note that a Sensei should not call himself a Sensei. It is referred by others.
Shihan - "Teacher of Teachers": In the martial arts, the title Shihan is often translated as "Teacher of Teachers" and signifies a senior instructor who mentors and guides other teachers within their style or organization. While a Shihan is someone with deep knowledge of the principles, techniques, and philosophy of their art, the title does not imply that they have stopped learning. On the contrary, a Shihan remains a dedicated student, continually refining their understanding and skills. Ultimately, Shihan is an organizational title that reflects a role of leadership and responsibility, often considered a senior Sensei.
Renshi - "Polished Teacher" or "Expert Teacher": Renshi is the first of the three commonly used teaching titles (shogo) in traditional martial arts. While the title is independent of the ranking system, it is rarely awarded to anyone below the rank of Yondan (4th dan). The term "Renshi" signifies someone who has demonstrated a refined understanding of their art, both technically and philosophically, and is recognized as an expert capable of guiding others in their journey.
Kyoshi - "Master Teacher" or "Teacher of Teachers": Kyoshi is the second of the three commonly used teaching titles (shogo) in traditional martial arts. While this title is independent of the ranking system, it is typically awarded to practitioners of advanced rank, such as Rokudan (6th dan) or Nanadan (7th dan), and reflects a high level of mastery in both technical and philosophical aspects of the art. A Kyoshi is recognized not only for their skill but also for their ability to guide others in understanding the deeper principles of their martial art, embodying the role of a "Master Teacher."
Hanshi - "Senior Master Teacher": Hanshi is the third and highest of the three commonly used teaching titles (shogo) in traditional martial arts. While this title is independent of the ranking system, it is typically reserved for practitioners of exceptional experience and character, and it is rarely awarded to anyone below the rank of Hachidan (8th dan). The title "Hanshi" reflects not only a profound mastery of the art but also the embodiment of its values and traditions, making it one of the most prestigious honors in martial arts.
Kaicho – "President" or "Head of the Association": The term Kaicho is used in martial arts to refer to the president or head of an organization or association. It signifies a leadership role with responsibility for overseeing the direction, administration, and development of the group. In Okinawan martial arts, Kaicho is often preferred over other titles like Kancho and reflects the individual’s authority and role as the guiding figure of their association.
Soke - "Head of the System" or "Lineal Descendant": The Soke is the lineal descendant or inheritor of a martial arts system, often passed down through family or a direct lineage. The Soke holds significant responsibility, with obligations to preserve and transmit the founder's teachings while also expanding upon them. In the context of contemporary Soke within martial arts, this means the Soke must not only safeguard the technical aspects but also ensure that the philosophical and spiritual principles of the system are maintained and communicated effectively. It is important to note that while the Soke is the ultimate authority within a system, not all Soke are necessarily active practitioners or karate-ka. Some may focus more on the leadership and stewardship of the system rather than direct teaching or training.
